Comparative Analysis of Rice and Weeds and Their Nutrient Partitioning under Various Establishment Methods and Weed Management Practices in Temperate Environment

A research trial was conducted at Agronomy Farm (SKUAST-K, Wadura, Jammu & Kashmir), during kharif 2017 and 2018 to evaluate nutrient removal in rice under various establishment methods weed control measures. The study comprised of two factors: techniques {Transplanting (TPR); Direct seeding (DSR) System intensification (SRI)} as main plot treatments measures {Butachlor @ 1500 g a.i ha−1 (B); Penoxsulam 22.5 (P); Pyrazosulfuron ethyl + Pretilachlor 15 600 (PP); Bensulfuron methyl 60 (BP); 2 Conoweeding/Hand Weeding (CW/HW); Weed free (WF) weedy check (WC)} sub-plot meant the best method management practice for rice. Over DSR transplanted rice, SRI technique yielded a significant increase dry biomass accumulation (17.04 17.20 t ha−1) grain (7.92 8.17 straw (9.60 10.17 yields. herbicide significantly showed higher yield 8.19 8.28 10.13 10.44 ha−1, respectively, than other by comparing means using critical difference. TPR excelled reducing more established methods. All herbicides considerably reduced biomass, but greatest reduction proved superior against complex flora. Weeds maximum contribution towards total Biomass DSR, among techniques. In contrast, different measures, it treatment (Untreated Control) minimum penoxsulam treatment. crop (grain straw) uptake compared method, although non-significantly influenced concentrations. Furthermore, demonstrated However, available soil nutrients were observed techniques, highest lowest SRI. Moreover, direct-seeded uptake, herbicidal treatments, recorded weeds. Nutrient budgeting that percentage weeds, ratio TPR. rate removed via weeds seen application